Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: An enhanced, statistically repeatable method for screening antimicrobial formulations in laundry applications, an adaptation of BSI EN 17658

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92353-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: The control numbers recovered from ETP, and the full EN test methods as compared to corresponding EN standard requirements as shown across the first row. Each point on the table is a mean Log 10 CFU concentration measured in replicate samples as described in the materials and methods section. Pa = P. aeruginosa , Ec = E. coli , Sa = S. aureus , Eh = E. hirae , Ca = C. Albicans.

Article Snippet: TSA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); MEA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); Tryptone sodium chloride water, TSC, prepared according to the EN17658 method (Tryptone, pancreatic digest of casein 1.0 g, Sodium chloride (NaCl) 8.5 g, Water to 1000mL, adjust pH to 7.0 ± 2); double strength Dey-Engley broth, 2xDE (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); standard EN hardwater of approximately 375ppm calcium carbonate was prepared according to the EN17658 method (Solution A- 19.84 MgCl 2 and 46.24 g CaCl 2 diluted in 1000 mL deionized water.

Techniques: Control, Concentration Assay, Formulation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: An enhanced, statistically repeatable method for screening antimicrobial formulations in laundry applications, an adaptation of BSI EN 17658

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92353-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: The LRs and repeatability SDs (S r , across tests in the same lab) of the LRs for all 5 species using ETP tested at one lab at Arxada to the EN method tested in a 6-lab ring trial. LCL diff and UCL diff is a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean LRs. Based on the ring trial, S R is the reproducibility SD of the LRs across multiple labs (which was only possible to calculate for the EN method; reproducibility of the ETP is unknown).

Article Snippet: TSA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); MEA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); Tryptone sodium chloride water, TSC, prepared according to the EN17658 method (Tryptone, pancreatic digest of casein 1.0 g, Sodium chloride (NaCl) 8.5 g, Water to 1000mL, adjust pH to 7.0 ± 2); double strength Dey-Engley broth, 2xDE (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); standard EN hardwater of approximately 375ppm calcium carbonate was prepared according to the EN17658 method (Solution A- 19.84 MgCl 2 and 46.24 g CaCl 2 diluted in 1000 mL deionized water.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: An enhanced, statistically repeatable method for screening antimicrobial formulations in laundry applications, an adaptation of BSI EN 17658

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92353-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial performance of RD formulation expressed as the mean LR values for each test microorganism in ETP (blue bars) and the full EN method (orange bars). The tops of the bars indicate a mean LR, the error bars indicate ± standard error of the mean LR calculated from n = 1 test for ETP, and n = 2 replicate tests for the EN method. *Log reductions, while accounting for the LODs of ETP and EN17658, are < 0.81 and < 2.61, respectively, indicating that Pa did not result in noticeable reduction in both methods.

Article Snippet: TSA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); MEA (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); Tryptone sodium chloride water, TSC, prepared according to the EN17658 method (Tryptone, pancreatic digest of casein 1.0 g, Sodium chloride (NaCl) 8.5 g, Water to 1000mL, adjust pH to 7.0 ± 2); double strength Dey-Engley broth, 2xDE (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.); standard EN hardwater of approximately 375ppm calcium carbonate was prepared according to the EN17658 method (Solution A- 19.84 MgCl 2 and 46.24 g CaCl 2 diluted in 1000 mL deionized water.

Techniques: Formulation

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scanning electron microscopy images of ( A ) SCF-S100 liposomes, ( B ) SCF-S100 liposomes, and ( C ) anhydrous lactose powder. Abbreviations: SCF-S100, supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes prepared using Lipoid S100.

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: CsA concentration in the receiver compartment in Franz diffusion cells (n=3). Note: Restasis ® , Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA. Abbreviations: CsA, cyclosporin A; SCF-S100, supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes prepared using Lipoid S100.

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schirmer tear test results in rabbits (mm)

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: CsA concentration of tear film in rabbits (n=4). Note: *Significant at P <0.05 versus Restasis ® (Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA). Abbreviations: CsA, cyclosporin A; SCF-EPCS, supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes prepared using Lipoid EPCS; SCF-S100, supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes prepared using Lipoid S100.

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pharmacokinetic parameters for tears after the application of SCF-mediated CsA encapsulated liposomes and Restasis ® (n=4)

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes containing cyclosporin A for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in a rabbit model: comparative study with the conventional cyclosporin A emulsion

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S65601

Figure Lengend Snippet: Frequency of eye blinking after instillation of 50 μL samples in rabbit eyes (n=4). Notes: Right eyes were used as controls and normal saline was administered to the control eyes. Left eyes were used for treatment in which formulations of Restasis ® (Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA) and SCF-S100 liposomes were administered. *Significant at P <0.05 versus control. Abbreviation: SCF-S100, supercritical fluid-mediated liposomes prepared using Lipoid S100.

Article Snippet: Liposomes were prepared using the SCF-CO 2 method described in our previous reports., Two different formulations of CsA SCF-S100 and SCF-EPCS liposomes containing naturally derived phosphatidylcholine from soybean (Lipoid S100; Lipoid GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and egg lecithin (Lipoid EPCS; Lipoid GmbH) were used in this study.

Techniques: